Half-Month, Inclusive History

June/Part I

Do you know that June Black History includes:

• 1^st – The 6^th National Negro Convention met in Philadelphia (1835); Sojourner Truth left New York and began her career as an anti-slavery activist (1843); Morgan Freeman was born (1937); The Greenwood/Black Wallstreet/Tulsa Race Massacre ended (1921); Glory Van Scott was born (1947); approximately 2,400 persons attended White House Conference on Civil Rights (1966); WGPR becomes the first Black-owned television station (1973); Andrew F. Brimmer became the first Black governor of the Federal Reserve Board (1995); Betty Shabazz succumbed (1997);

• 2^nd – Harriet Tubman became the first woman to lead an armed assault during the Civil War as part of the Combahee River Raid (1863); Janie Bradford was born (1939); VA judge upholds segregation in classrooms (1961); Samuel L. Gravely Jr. became the first Black Admiral in the U.S. Navy (1971);

• 3^rd – Roland Hayes was born (1887); Charles Drew was born (1904); Josephine Baker was born was born (1906); Liberty Life Insurance Company, the first legal reserve company organized by Blacks in the North, incorporated (1919); Wesley Brown became the first Black graduate of Annapolis Naval Academy (1949);

• 4^th - Samuel L. Gravely was born (1922); Angela Davis was acquitted of all murder and conspiracy charges (1972); Arna Bontemps succumbed (1973);

• 5^th – Three Blacks address the political gathering at the Republican Party National Convention in Philadelphia (1872); G.W. Murray received patents for a fertilizer distributor, cotton chopper, and a seed planter (1872); John Carlos was born (1945); Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded his doctorate from Boston University (1955);

• 6^th – Jean Baptist Pointe Du Sable established a settlement which would eventually grow into the city of Chicago (1790); Roy Innis was born (1934); Marian Wright Edelman was born ( 1939); E. R. Shipp was born (1955); James Meredith was shot during the “March Against Fear” (1966); NASA selected Dr. Mae Jemison as the first Black woman to train a space shuttle astronaut (1987);

• 7^th - Gwendolyn Brooks was born (1917); Yolande “Nikki Giovanni” Cornelia Giovanni, Jr. was born (1943); Prince was born (1958); President Jimmy Carter christened the month of June as Black Music Month (1979); Lloyd Richards won a Tony as best director for the August Wilson play Fences (1987);

• 8^th - U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation in Washington D.C. was unlawful (1953); Kanye West was born (1977);

• 9^th – Alain R. Locke succumbed (1954); Fannie Lou Hamer was arrested and beaten in Winona, MS (1963); Leroy Robert Paige (better known as “Satchel Paige”) succumbed (1982); John Conyers announced a call for a reparations study (1989);

• 10^th - Richard Allen founded the Bethel African Methodist Church (1794); Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de Saint Georges succumbed (1799); Hattie McDaniel was born (1898); Marcus Garvey succumbed (1940); Jack “Galveston Giant” Johnson succumbed (1946); Charles B. Rangel succumbed (2010);

• 11^th - Vivian Malone and James Hood, escorted by federalized National Guard troops, enrolled at the University of Alabama (1963);

• 12^th - Medgar W. Evers was assassinated (1963); the National Black MBA Association was incorporated (1972);

• 13^th - Eleanor Holmes was born (1937); Thurgood Marshall was named to the Supreme Court (1967);

• 14^th - George Washington Carver received a patent for producing paints and stains (1927); John Edgar was born (1941); and

• 15^th - Henry O. Flipper became the first Black West Point graduate (1877); Bessie Coleman received her pilot's license (1921); William H. Gray became the first Black Democratic Party Majority Whip (1989)?